Sanitation Library
Total results: 4466
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The Sanitation Workers Knowledge + Learning Hub is the best source for all current news, trends, articles and updates on sanitation workers rights around the world.
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In Bangladesh diarrhoeal disease and respiratory infections contribute significantly to morbidity and mortality. Handwashing with soap reduces the risk of infection; however, handwashing rates in infrastructure-restricted settings remain low. Handwashing stations – a dedicated, convenient location where both soap and water are available for handwashing – are associated with improved …
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Engaging communities in humanitarian programming is key to ensuring their participation in decision-making that affects them as outlined by commitment 4 of the Core Humanitarian Standards. Based on learning from the West-African Ebola response (2014–2016), Oxfam’s WASH (water, sanitation, and hygiene) team is undertaking a paradigm shift toward greater community engagement (hereafter referred …
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Long-term management and use of community-based safe water systems are essential to reduce water-related health risks in rural areas. Water sector professionals frequently cite water users’ sense of ownership for the water system as essential for its continuity. This study aims to provide the first insight into users’ understanding of psychological ownership, as well as generalizable data, …
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Zugang zu sauberem Trinkwasser und eine hygienische Abwasserentsorgung gehören zu den Menschenrechten und den menschlichen Grundbedürfnissen, die in humanitären Notsituationen gewährleistet werden müssen. Fehlende Abwasserentsorgung und mangelnde Hygiene stellen gerade für ohnehin vulnerable Gruppen ein erhebliches gesundheitliches Risiko dar. Humanitäre Maßnahmen im Bereich Wasser-, …
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Adolescence is a vital period for human development as life enters a new phase with the onset of menstruation for girls. This new change sometimes leads many adolescents to experience stigma, bullying and social exclusion, also introducing them to new vulnerabilities. In many parts of Bangladesh, menstruation is a taboo and has myths attached to it which can lead to poor personal hygiene and …
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In India, gender and caste plays a dominant role in the kinds of jobs that women in the workforce are employed in. It is well established that caste and patriarchy are the main compulsive factors that force people, especially women of the specific scheduled caste communities, into manual scavenging. They are into different forms of manual scavenging, mainly cleaning the insanitary dry latrines …
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The brief is focused on hand hygiene. We have long understood the importance of hand hygiene for the reduction of diarrhoeal diseases, respiratory infections, hospital-acquired infections and during outbreaks like cholera and Ebola. Hand washing with soap or alcohol-based hand rub is an effective COVID-19 prevention measure along with physical distancing and appropriate mask use. Despite the many …
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Kharas is a Palestinian village in Hebron Governorate, located 12 km northwest Hebron city, in the south of the West Bank. The village is located within the southern Palestinian mountains, to the north of Wadi Arab. The village is surrounded by Halhul to the east, Nuba and Beit Ula to the south, Surief to the north and the Green Line to the west.
The population of Kharas town for the year …
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Abstract:
Studies show positive impacts of social support onchildcare practices, but there is limited research onchild toilet training. Social support with toilet trainingmay be especially important for rural Indian caregiversas this is a new childcare practice for many andmothers face an already demanding workload. The aimof this study was to examine the role of social supportin toilet …
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Photovoice is a participatory action research strategy by which people create and discuss photographs as a means of catalyzing personal and community change. The use of photovoice as an effective tool for carrying out participatory needs assessment, conducting participatory evaluation and reaching policy-makers has been discussed elsewhere. Here the authors examine the claims made for the …
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Handwashing with soap effectively prevents diarrhoea, a leading cause of death in infants. Theory-based interventions are expected to promote handwashing more successfully than standard approaches. The present article investigates the underlying change processes of theory-based handwashing interventions. A nonrandomised field study compared a standard approach to two theory-based interventions …
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Fourteen behaviour trials were conducted among caregivers of children under-five with diarrhoea. Caregivers were recruited from two clinics situated in rural and peri-urban Lusaka. Trials took ten days and data were captured using video, observation and repeated interviews. Additional data were collected through focus group discussions with mothers, observations in clinics and pharmacies and …
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Background:
A cluster-Randomised Controlled Trial evaluation of the impact of the Community Health Clubs (CHCs) in the Community Based Environmental Health Promotion Programme in Rwanda in 2015 appeared to find little uptake of 7 hygiene indicators 1 year after the end of the intervention, and low impact on prevention of diarrhoea and stunting.
Methods:
Monitoring data was revisited through …
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This Methods Note proposes a revised methodology for future ALNAP Lessons Papers. It seeks to improve the rigour of the research methods used to generate them, while maintaining the broad research questions and inclusive approach to grey literature review.
This Methods Note is aimed primarily at the ALNAP Secretariat and authors of future Lessons Papers. It should be used to guide the definition …
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Three billion people – 40 per cent of the world’s population – do not have a place in their homes to wash their hands with water and soap. Threem quarters of those who lack access to water and soap live in the world’s poorest countries and are amongst the most vulnerable: children and families living in informal settlements, migrant and refugee camps, or in areas of active conflict. This …
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This is a set of technical drawings for a FSTP built at Wayanad, Kerala. It will be useful for designers of FSTPs for small and medium towns. The schematics are provided in metric units. It has top views, hydraulic flows, unloading platform, screen chamber details, anaerobic digester, intermediate storage tank, drying beds, tiger bio-filters and the overall plan.
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The behaviour of pharmaceuticals related to the human immunodeficiency virus treatment was studied in the liquid phase of source-separated urine during six-month storage at 20°C. Six months is the recommended time for hygienization and use of urine as fertilizer. Compounds were spiked in urine as concentrations calculated to appear in urine. Assays were performed with separate compounds and as …
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Unsafe water consumption is the environmental risk factor in sub-Saharan Africa contributing most to premature death. In urban slums and dispersed rural communities, where access to safe water is especially limited, water kiosks are a relevant safe water source. However, irregular use challenges their operational viability and may cause discontinuation. The present study investigated collective …
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Several members of the Communicating with Disaster Affected Communities (CDAC) Network have recognised the need to work with rumours in their missions to prevent the loss of lives and alleviate suffering. Notably, Internews with their pioneering inter-agency model, the World Health Organisation and United Nations Office for the Coordination of Humanitarian Affairs have made considerable efforts …
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The transition to the Sanitation Economy presents a transformational opportunity to ensure a sustainable future for sanitation systems that can provide alternatives to the cost burdened systems of today, towards cost recovery and full of life-improving innovations, business and commercial investment opportunities - that could turn the outlook for SDG 6 around and ensure the resilience of …
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The capital city of Malawi, Lilongwe City, is situated in the Lilongwe river inland plains at the junction of the Namanthanga and Lilongwe rivers. The city is located in Lilongwe District which is found in the Central Region of the Republic of Malawi.
Lilongwe city had a population of 989,318 people as per the most recent census in 2018, which was 5.6% of Malawi's total population. As of 2018, …
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Hand hygiene programming contributes to the prevention of infections including pneumonia, diarrhoea, and COVID-19 (CDC, 2020) amongst others. Various campaigns and tools have triggered hand hygiene behaviour change, and these approaches can rapidly support increased demand for soap. However, the supply side of hand hygiene service provision has received comparatively less attention to date. This …
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Since the establishment of the International Scheme to Evaluate Household Water Treatment Technologies (the Scheme) in 2014, WHO has been independently evaluating the performance of household water treatment (HWT) technologies in removing microbial contaminants from drinking-water. The results of the evaluation are intended to guide procuring United Nations (UN) agencies and Member States in HWT …
